Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Combined with Chorea: Report of One Case and Literature Review / 中国医学科学院学报

Systemic lupus erythematosus combined with chorea is relatively rare in China,and there are no unified diagnostic criteria or specific ancillary tests.Therefore,it is confirmed by exclusionary clinical diagnosis.To improve the understanding of this disease among rheumatologists,we report the clinical data of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus combined with chorea admitted to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University in January 2022.Furthermore,we review the relevant literature in the past 10 years and summarize the clinical features of these cases.

Multidisciplinary and Comprehensive Chinese Medicine for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Study of 855 Cases / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of multidisciplinary and comprehensive Chinese medicine (CM) treatments on progression-free survival (PFS) and median survival time (MST) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and identify factors that influence progression and prognosis.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 855 patients with advanced NSCLC who received multidisciplinary and comprehensive CM treatments at Longhua Hospital from January 2009 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Univariate analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank sequential inspection. Multivariate analysis of significant variables from the univariate analysis was performed with Cox regression modeling. Key factors correlated to progression and prognosis were screened out, and a Cox proportional hazard model was established to calculate the prognostic index.@*RESULTS@#The PFS and MST of 855 advanced NSCLC patients were 9.0 and 26.0 months, respectively. The 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 79.2%, 54%, 36.2%, and 17.1%, respectively. Gender, pathologic type, and clinical stage were independent prognostic risk factors; surgical history, radiotherapy, treatment course of Chinese patent medicine, intravenous drip of Chinese herbal preparation, duration of oral administration of Chinese herbal decoction (CHD), and intervention measures were independent prognostic protective factors. Gender was an independent risk factor for progression, while operation history and oral CHD administration duration were independent protective factors (all P<0.05). Women with stage IIIb-IIIc lung adenocarcinoma had the best outcomes.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Female patients have lower progression risk and better prognoses than male patients, younger patients have higher progression risk but better long-term prognoses than the elderlys, and patients with lower performance status scores are at lower risk for progression and have better prognoses. Comprehensive CM treatments could significantly reduce progression risk, improve prognosis, and prolong survival time for patients with advanced NSCLC. This treatment mode offers additional advantages over supportive care alone.

Inhibitory effects of metformin on corneal neovascularization induced by alkali burn in rats / 眼科新进展

Objective To investigate the inhibition of metformin on corneal neovascularization in rats following alkali burn.Methods Totally 48 SD rats (48 eyes)were randomly divided into three groups,and they were negative control group (n =6),in which the controls were left untreated,normal saline group(n =21),rats treated with intraperitoneal injection of equivalent saline,and metformin group (n =21),rats subjected to intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg · kg-1 metformin every day.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),VEGF receptors (Flk1,Flt1) and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) protein in corneal tissue were detected by Western blot,while RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of VEGF,Flk1,Flt1 and TSP1 mRNA in corneal tissue.Then the morphological structure of cornea was observed by HE staining.Resuits The area of neovascularization in metformin group was smaller than that of the normal saline group on day 5,7,14 after administration (all P ＜0.01).And there was interaction in the both groups with different treatment methods at different time points (F=147.32,P =0.000).The expression of Flk-1 protein in the metformin group was lower than that of the normal saline group,whereas the relative expression of TSP-1 protein was higher than that of the normal saline group (all P ＜ 0.01).The expression of VEGF,Flk-1 and Flt-1 mRNA in the metformin group was lower than those of the normal saline group,but the expression of TSP-1 mRNA was higher than that of the normal saline group (all P ＜0.01).HE staining showed that the degree of corneal edema,the inflammatory response and the number of new blood vessels in the metformin group were significantly alleviated compared with normal saline group.Conclusion Metformin can inhibit the progress of corneal neovascularization in SD rats.

Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Augments Neovascularization Responses in a Neonatal Rat Model of Premature Brain Damage by Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase/Akt Pathway / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recombinant human-erythropoietin (rh-EPO) has therapeutic efficacy for premature infants with brain damage during the active rehabilitation and anti-inflammation. In the present study, we found that the rh-EPO was related to the promotion of neovascularization. Our aim was to investigate whether rh-EPO augments neovascularization in the neonatal rat model of premature brain damage through the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Postnatal day 5 (PD5), rats underwent permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery and were exposed to hypoxia for 2 h. All the rat pups were randomized into five groups as follows: (1) control group; (2) hypoxia-ischemic (HI) group; (3) HI + LY294002 group; (4) HI + rh-EPO group; and (5) HI + rh-EPO + LY294002 group. The phospho-Akt protein was tested 90 min after the whole operation, and CD34, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also tested 2 days after the whole operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the hypoxic and ischemic zone of the premature rat brain, the rh-EPO induced CD34+ cells to immigrate to the HI brain zone (P < 0.05) and also upregulated the VEGFR2 protein expression (P < 0.05) and VEGF mRNA level (P < 0.05) through the PI3K/Akt (P < 0.05) signaling pathway when compared with other groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The rh-EPO treatment augments neovascularization responses in the neonatal rat model of premature brain damage through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Besides, the endogenous EPO may exist in the HI zone of rat brain and also has neovascularization function through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.</p>

Impacts of Erythropoietin on Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 by the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway in a Neonatal Rat Model of Periventricular White Matter Damage / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the impacts of erythropoietin on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in a neonatal rat model of periventricular white matter damage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All of postnatal day 4 rats were randomized into three groups: the sham group [without hypoxia-ischemia (HI)], the HI group (HI with saline administration), and the erythropoietin (EPO) group [HI with recombinant human erythropoietin (rh-EPO) administration]. Rat pups underwent permanent ligation of the right common carotid artery, followed by 6% O2 for 2 hours or sham operation and normoxic exposure. Immediately after the HI, rats received a single intraventricular injection of rh-EPO (0.6 IU/g body mass) or saline. ERK and phosphorylation-ERK were examined at 60 minutes and 90 minutes after operation, and VEGFR2 were detected at 2 and 4 days after operation by using Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At 60 minutes and 90 minutes after operation, the proteins of phosphorylation-ERK were significantly higher in HI rats than in the sham rats and significantly higher in HI+EPO rats than in the HI rats (P<0.05). Two days after operation, VEGFR2 was not significantly different between sham and HI rats. However, the proteins of VEGFR2 were increased after administration of rh-EPO (P<0.05). Four days after operation, the proteins of VEGFR2 were significantly higher in HI rats than in the sham rats and significantly higher in HI+EPO rats than in the HI rats (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EPO may regulate VEGFR2 expression by affecting the intracranial ERK signaling pathways.</p>

Treatment of Radical Resected NSCLC by Chinese Medicine Combined with Adjuvant Chemother- apy: a Clinical Study / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) combined adjuvant chemotherapy in postponing relapse and metastasis of radical resected Ib-IIIa stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and to explore its effect in improving their quality of life (QOL) and clinical symptoms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We designed a cohort study of 336 radical resected Ib-IIIa NSCLC patients by analyzing disease free survival (DFS) using Log-rank test. They were randomly assigned to the control group (155 cases, treated by adjuvant chemotherapy group) and the test group (181 cases, treated by adjuvant chemotherapy combined CM). By using controlled method, 60 radical resected NSCLC patients undergoing NP/NC program in 2012 (vinorelbine 25 mg/m2, combined with cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 8/on day 1 or on day 1, 2, and 3; or carboplatin AUC = 5 on day 1) were assigned to the control group (29 cases) and the test group (31 cases). QOL scores (using EORTC QLQ-LC43 questionnaire) and TCM symptoms scores were compared between the two groups before chemotherapy, peri-chemotherapy (one day before the 2nd course of chemotherapy) , and after chemotherapy (20 days after ending the 4th course of chemotherapy).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The median DFS was longer in the test group than in the control group, but with no statistical difference between the two groups (42.73 months vs 35.57 months , P = 0.179). In the subgroup analysis, there was statistical difference in IIIa stage DFS. The median IIIa stage DFS of was longer in the test group than in the control group with statistical difference (27.87 months vs 19. 93 months, P = 0.047). (2) In the control study, repeated measured data indicated there was significant difference in physical functions between the two groups (P < 0.05). Total scores for health states decreased more in the test group than in the control group, but with no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Scores for constipation and CM syndrome scores were higher in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CM had advantages in postponing DFS of radical resected NSCLC patients, especially in IIIa stage. CM could improve their QOL and clinical symptoms during adjuvant chemotherapy.</p>

Construction and identification of anti-HER2 phage display single chain fragment of variable region library in human breast cancer / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct human phage single-chain antibody (scFv) library against breast cancer, and to identify anti-HER2 specific antibodies from the human phage display scFv library to offer a stronger affinity sequence targeting HER2 for fusion protein targeting HER2 and CXCR4.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total RNA was extracted from the adjacent lymphatic tissue harvested from breast cancer patients. The variable regions of the whole antibody were amplified by using RT-PCR and were cloned into the vector pCANTAB-5E through a linker. The products were electroporated into competent E.coli TG1 cells. Recombinant phages specific for breast cancer cells were enriched in SKBR-3 after four rounds. The antigen-positive clones were selected by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fragment of VH and VL were about 375 and 330 bp and were linked in vitro to form scFv of 750 bp that was resistant to the breast cancer HER2 single strand. A fusion phage display library that contained total of 2.48×10(8) pfu /ml was established. ELISA and immunohistochemical results confirmed that the antibody has a strong affinity with HER2 antigen in breast cancer tissue. Compared to human IgG antibody, a scFv phage library against human breast cancer was successfully constructed with high capacity. The scFv was highly specific to HER2 antigen and the sequencing results indicated that VL and VH genes were highly homologous with the variable region of human antibody.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This strategy may achieve new targeted antibody resistant to the breast cancer for clinical treatment and provide a carrier that uses HER2 as a target of the fusion protein for anti-tumor therapy.</p>

Morphological and molecular identification of two strains of dermatophytes / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study, we used traditional morphological and molecular identification methods to preliminarily identify two strains of dermatophytes. The two strains were observed under the microscope. And then the dermatophytes were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA). The 18S rRNA regions of the two dermatophyte strains were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the PCR products were sequenced and compared with GenBank data. BLAST tools and DNAMAN software were used to analyze the sequences. To further determine highly homologous sequences, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining method. The two strains of dermatophytes were identified by traditional morphological identification as Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum ferrugineum. The 18S rRNA sequence analyses showed high similarities to Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate C115LM-UFPR and Ascomycete sp. LB68A1A2. Epidermophyton and Cladosporium belong to dermatophyte, while Microsporum ferrugineum and Ascomycete belong to microsporum. The two novel strains of dermatophytes were therefore identified as Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate C115LM-UFPR (JN650537, Cladosporium) and Ascomycete sp. LB68A1A2 (AY770409, Ascomycete sp).

Morphological and molecular identification of two strains of dermatophytes / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

In this study, we used traditional morphological and molecular identification methods to preliminarily identify two strains of dermatophytes. The two strains were observed under the microscope. And then the dermatophytes were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SDA). The 18S rRNA regions of the two dermatophyte strains were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the PCR products were sequenced and compared with GenBank data. BLAST tools and DNAMAN software were used to analyze the sequences. To further determine highly homologous sequences, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Neighbor-Joining method. The two strains of dermatophytes were identified by traditional morphological identification as Epidermophyton floccosum and Microsporum ferrugineum. The 18S rRNA sequence analyses showed high similarities to Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate C115LM-UFPR and Ascomycete sp. LB68A1A2. Epidermophyton and Cladosporium belong to dermatophyte, while Microsporum ferrugineum and Ascomycete belong to microsporum. The two novel strains of dermatophytes were therefore identified as Cladosporium cladosporioides isolate C115LM-UFPR (JN650537, Cladosporium) and Ascomycete sp. LB68A1A2 (AY770409, Ascomycete sp).

The correlational study of viral load of human bocavirus and clinical features in children with acute respiratory tract infection / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the correlations between clinical features in paediatric patients with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) and viral load of human bocavirus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective study was conducted on 956 children < 5 years admitted with an acute respiratory tract infection from November 2009 to December 2010, and 251 healthy children conclused as control group in the corresponding period. Human bocavirus was investigated in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) and throat swab by PCR, and viral load was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in HBoV positive sample. Clinical data were also prospectively recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A significant difference was found in HBoV positive rate between children with ARTI and control group at enrollment. There was a significant difference in HBoV viral load between children with upper respiratory tract infection and lower respiratory tract infection. HBoV viral load did not differ significantly between children with upper respiratory tract infection and control group. Among children with lower respiratory tract infection, no significant difference were detected between common and severe cases in HBoV viral load. HBoV viral load did not differ significantly whether the children were with or without co-infection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HBoV could be detected perennial and considered as a major pathogen associated with acute respiratory tract infection in children. However, HBoV may not be a independent factor in children with ARTI and the HBoV viral load was not associated with the severity of respiratory illness.</p>

Effect of MAPK signal transduction pathway inhibitor U0126 on aquaporin 4 expression in alveolar type II cells in rats with oleic acid-induced acute lung injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in alveolar type II (AT-II) cells and MAPK signaling pathway in rats with early-stage oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three groups of rats, namely the normal control, ALI and U0126 treatment group were used in this study. After oleic acid-induced ALI in the latter two groups, the rats in the treatment group received 100 micromol/L U0126 treatment at the dose of 10 micro, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were given in the normal control and ALI groups. Arterial blood gas and the extravascular lung water (EVLW) content were measured after the treatments, and pathological changes in the lung tissues were observed microscopically. ATII cells were isolated from the lung tissues and identified using tannic acid staining and alkaline phosphatase (APK) staining. The expression of AQP-4 mRNA in the cells was detected with RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood gas analysis, HE staining and EVLW content measurement revealed severer injury of the lung tissues in ALI group than in the normal control group, but the severity was comparable between the treatment and ALI groups. RT-PCR demonstrated significantly increased AQP-4 mRNA expression in ALI group as compared with that in the normal control group, and U0126 treatment resulted in obvious reduction in AQP-4 mRNA expression in the U0126 treatment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Oleic acid-induced ALI results in the activation of MAPK signaling pathway and up-regulation of AQP-4 mRNA expression in the ATII cells of rats.</p>

Diesel pollution biodegradation: synergetic effect of Mycobacterium and filamentous fungi / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To biodegrade the diesel pollution in aqueous solution inoculated with Mycobacterium and filamentous fungi.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bacteria sampled from petroleum hydrocarbons contaminated sites in Karamay Oilfield were isolated and identified as Mycobacterium hyalinum (MH) and cladosporium. Spectrophotometry and gas chromatography (GC) were used to analyze of the residual concentrations of diesel oil and its biodegradation products.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From the GC data, the values of apparent biodegradation ratio of the bacterial strain MH to diesel oil were close to those obtained in the control experiments. Moreover, the number of MH did not increase with degradation time. However, by using n-octadecane instead of diesel oil, the real biotic degradation ratio increased to 20.9% over 5 days of degradation. Cladosporium strongly biodegraded diesel oil with a real degradation ratio of up to 34% after 5 days treatment. When the two strains were used simultaneously, a significant synergistic effect between them resulted in almost complete degradation of diesel oil, achieving a total diesel removal of 99% over 5 days of treatment, in which one part of about 80% and another part of about 19% were attributed to biotic and abiotic processes, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The observed synergistic effect was closely related to the aromatics-degrading ability of Cladosporium, which favored the growth of MH and promoted the bioavailability of diesel oil.</p>

Alveolar fluid clearance and changes of alveolar type II cell cAMP and cGMP levels in rats with oleic acid-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in acutely isolated alveolar type II (ATII) cells from rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and test the effects of terbutaline on the cAMP and cGMP levels.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were randomized into the control, ARDS, and terbutaline treatment groups, in which the cAMP and cGMP contents in the ATII cells were measured using radioimmunoassay, and the extravascular lung water (EVLW) content was quantified with gravimetric measurement.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cAMP level in the ATII cells was significantly lowered whereas cGMP level and EVLW content increased in rats with oleic acid-induced ARDS. In terbutaline-treated rats with ARDS, the EVLW content were lower than that of non-treated rats, but still higher than that of the control rats. Terbutaline treatment also increased the content of cAMP but produced no significant effect on cGMP content in the ATII cells of the rats with ARDS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alveolar fluid clearance rate is decreased in rats with oleic acid-induced ARDS, and terbutaline can improve the capacity of alveolar fluid clearance, the mechanism of which may involve elevated cAMP content in the ATII cells. cAMP and cGMP in ATII cells might participate in the molecular pathogenesis of ARDS.</p>

Role of AQP-4 in pulmonary water metabolism in rats in early stage of oleic acid-induced acute lung injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the capacity of alveolar type II (AT II) cells for water and sodium transport in rats with early-stage oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>AT II cells were isolated and purified from rats with ALI/ARDS induced by oleic acid, and their morphology was observed using electron microscopy and optical microscopy. The extravascular lung water (EVLW) content in the rats was measured by gravimetric method. The distribution of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) on the cell membrane was observed with immunohistochemistry, and the expression of AQP-4 mRNA was detected with RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Microscopic examination and blood gas analysis indicated severe injury of the lung tissues in ALI group. Smith lung injury score and EVLW in ALI group were significantly higher in ALI group than in the control group (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry identified intensified AQP-4 expression in rat lung tissues and RT-PCR also demonstrated increased AQP-4 mRNA expression as compared with the control group. The level of APQ-4 whole-cell currents was decreased in AT II cell membrane and increased in cytoplasm in ALI group (P<0.05 ).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Pathophysiological changes occurs in early stage of oleic acid-induced AMI, and AQP-4 mRNA expression is up-regulated on the AT II cell membrane to regulate the exchange of fluid between the alveolar space and alveolar epithelium barrier and play an important compensational role in pulmonary liquid clearance in the event of sodium transport damages in ALI.</p>

Bone marrow derived endothelial cells promote healing of acute intimal injury in carotid arteries of rabbits / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of bone marrow derived endothelial cells implantation on healing of acute injured intima.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Mononuclear cells derived from bone marrow were differentiated to endothelial cells. The cells were labeled with bromodeoxyuridine. Carotids injuring was induced by a balloon in 40 rabbits, endothelial cell suspension (2 x 10(6)/ml, n = 20) or PBS (2 ml, n = 20) was infused to injured arteries. The intima covered area was tested by Evan's Blue staining. The average intima thickness and media thickness were observed 7 and 14 days post procedure by histological assay. The immunofluorescent staining was performed for testing the BrdU labeled-cells, and these cells were detected under a fluorescent microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Intima covered area rate was significant higher (54.1% +/- 8.2% vs. 30.0% +/- 5.5% at day 7, and 81.8% +/- 6.0% vs. 63.6% +/- 8.4% at day 14, all P < 0.05) and the intima thickness and media thickness were significantly reduced in the endothelial cell suspension group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The bone marrow derived endothelial cell promoted healing post intima injury in this model compared to PBS group (all P < 0.05).</p>

Intra-arterial transfusion of endothelial progenitor cells accelerate reendothelialization in balloon-denuded rabbit carotid arteries / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) transfusion on reendothelialization and neointima proliferation in balloon-denuded rabbit carotid arteries.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Bone marrow-derived rabbit mononuclear cells (MNCs) were cultured in endothelial basal medium to form EPCs. The cell makers were assayed by immunocytochemistry. The rabbit right carotid artery was injured with 2.5 FPTCA balloon catheter and the EPCs (5 ml) were transfused into the injured carotid artery at a rate of 15 ml/h. The rabbits were killed at 7 days or 14 days post operation. Reendothelialization area and ratio of intima/media (I/M) in injured artery were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>EPCs transfusion significantly increased the percentage of endothelialization at 7 days (50.923% +/- 2.476% vs. 28.647% +/- 2.241%) and at 14 days (82.609% +/- 2.611% vs. 49.800% +/- 2.660%) compared to control group (all P < 0.05). I/M ratio was significantly lower in EPCs transfusion group than that in control group (0.378 +/- 0.029 vs. 0.898 +/- 0.038, P < 0.05) 14 days after operation. The labeled EPCs could be detected by immunohistochemistry in the injured vessel wall.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intra-arterial transfusion of EPCs can effectively accelerate reendothelialization and reduce neointima formation in balloon-denuded rabbit carotid arteries.</p>

Expression of bcl-2 gene in EBV-transformed human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect bcl-2 gene expression in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-infected human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 for understanding the role of bcl-2 gene in the carcinogenesis of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Akata 1061 cells producing recombined EBV carrying neomycin resistance gene (NEOr) was used to mediate the EBV infection of human gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 via close contact, with the empty plasmid pcDNA3-transfected GES-1 cells via lipofectamine method as a control. The EBV-infected and pcDNA3-transfected cells were cloned by limited dilution and the positive clones selected with G418. Immunocytochemical staining was performed to detect the expressions of EBNA1 and Bcl-2 protein.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bcl-2 protein expression was detected in EBV-infected cells but not in the control cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EBV infection can increase Bcl-2 expression in gastric epithelial cells, and such cell transformation effect of EBV is related to the overexpression of bcl-2 gene.</p>

Clinical outcome of anterior corrective surgery for thoracolumbar scoliosis: mini-open approach without diaphragm dissection versus open approach / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility and clinical results of a new mini-open approach in the anterior instrumentation of thoracolumbar scoliosis by comparing with traditional open approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventy-two patients with the idiopathic thoracolumbar scoliosis underwent one stage anterior instrumentation and spinal fusion. In group A, the patients received anterior mini-open approach without dissecting diaphragm. There were total 34 cases with average age of 16 years old, ranging from 12 to 25 years. The average Cobb angle was 58 degrees with a range of 42 degrees to 76 degrees pre-operatively. The instrumentation levels were from T(11) to L(3) in 18 cases, T(11) to L(2) in 6 cases, T(11) to L(4) in 10 cases. In group B, the patients were treated with traditional open approach. Total 38 cases with average age of 17 years old, ranging from 13 to 26 years, were included. The average Cobb angle was 54 degrees with a range of 40 degrees to 74 degrees pre-operatively. The instrumentation levels were from T(10) to L(3) 7 cases, T(11) to L(3) 20 cases, T(11) to L(4) 11 cases.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group A, the average curve correction was 81% with post-operative Cobb angle 12 degrees ranging from 4 to 16 degrees . Sagittal alignment restoration was satisfied in this group. In group B, the average curve correction was 73% with post-operative Cobb angle 15 degrees . The rehabilitation time was shorter in group A than in group B. No death, vascular injury and neurological complication occurred. Exudative pleurisy occurred in two patients in each group and cured very well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Mini-open anterior instrumentation for thoracolumbar scoliosis without diaphragm dissection is proved to have the same outcomes as the traditional anterior approach, without the increase of complication.</p>

Autogenous tibial strut grafts used in severe kyphoscoliosis: surgical policies and preliminary results / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Surgery for severe kyphoscoliosis is frequently unsatisfying because of loss of correction, high rate of pseudarthrosis and neurological complications. Several authors reported that the anterior fusion with strut grafts might improve the surgical outcome. This article describes and assesses the surgical strategies and the application of autogenous tibial strut in the treatment of severe kyphoscoliosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Severe kyphoscoliosis patients (n = 39) admitted from April 1998 to September 2003 formed the study group. Different surgical strategies had been used according to the flexibility, neurological function and curve level. All patients received staged anterior and posterior surgery with a tibial strut used in the anterior fusion. The patients were followed up for 9 months to 6 years (mean 37 months).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean preoperative and postoperative kyphosis was 82 degrees and 52 degrees respectively, and the mean scoliosis was 84 degrees and 44 degrees respectively. Complications included pseudarthrosis (2 cases, one with graft fracture and the other with hook displacement), posterior elements fractures (4), pleura penetrations (3, in the plastic surgery of the thoracic cage), dura tear (2), exudative pleuritis (2, in the anterior surgery), and tibia fracture of the harvesting site (1). The mean loss of correction in coronal and sagittal plane was 6 degrees and 7 degrees respectively. Except for 1 case, the patients with incomplete paraplegia showed improvements to varying extents.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Autogenous tibial strut can provide excellent support to the kyphoscoliotic spine: it reduces pseudarthrodic rate, loss of correction and complications of graft harvest, it also prevents the occurrence of neurological impairment.</p>

Clinical manifestations and significance of post-traumatic thoracolumbar syringomyelia / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the pathogenic mechanism and the clinical significance of post-traumatic thoracolumbar syringomyelia through reviewing the clinical manifestations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of 15 patients (14 males and 1 female, aged from 28 to 56 years, with an average of 36 years) with post-traumatic syringomyelia treated in our hospital from December 1997 to February 2002 were studied retrospectively. Two patients suffered from T11 fractures, 7 from T12 fractures and 6 from L1 fractures. There were 12 patients with burst fractures and 3 with fracture dislocations. Anterior decompression, bone graft, bone fusion and internal fixation were made on 6 patients, posterior decompression, bone graft, bone fusion and internal fixation on 1 patient, and non-surgical treatment on 8 patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Syringomyelia of the patients was diagnosed accurately with magnetic resonance imaging at 0.5-4 years after the original thoracolumbar fracture. The cavern was round in 6 cases, elliptic in 6 cases, and irregular in 3 cases. The patients also suffered from pain (80%), myodynamia attenuation in lower extremities (66.7%), aggravated spasm (46.7%), sensation loss or hypesthesia (46.7%), decreased coordinate function of lower extremities (20%) and autonomic nerve symptom (6.7%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Post-traumatic thoracolumbar syringomyelia should be suspected if the patient has new neurological symptoms, such as myodynamia attenuation in lower extremities, after the neural function becomes stable for certain time.</p>